Species comparison

Marbled Cat vs Bay Cat

A side-by-side look at Pardofelis marmorata and Catopuma badia across body measurements, habitat, diet, behaviour and conservation status.

Marbled Cat (Pardofelis marmorata), original illustration showing its coat pattern and body shape

Marbled Cat

Pardofelis marmorata

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vs
Bay Cat (Catopuma badia), original illustration showing its coat pattern and body shape

Bay Cat

Catopuma badia

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At a glance

  • The marbled cat and the bay cat fall into a similar body-mass band.
  • Both species use tropical rainforest and montane forest.
  • Their ranges both include Asia.
  • Red List categories differ: Marbled Cat is listed as Near Threatened, Bay Cat as Endangered.

Identification

How each species is named and classified.

Scientific name Differs

Marbled Cat

Pardofelis marmorata

Bay Cat

Catopuma badia

Genus Differs

Marbled Cat

Pardofelis

Bay Cat

Catopuma

Evolutionary lineage Same

Marbled Cat

Bay cat lineage

Bay Cat

Bay cat lineage

Size group Same

Marbled Cat

Small cats

Bay Cat

Small cats

Other common names Differs

Marbled Cat

Bay Cat

Bornean bay cat, Bornean red cat

Body and movement

Published field measurements for adults. Ranges cover both sexes unless noted.

Head-body length Differs

Marbled Cat

18 in – 2 ft (45–62 cm)

Bay Cat

19 in – 2 ft 2 in (49–67 cm) Longer

Tail length Differs

Marbled Cat

14 in – 22 in (35–55 cm) Longer

Bay Cat

12 in – 16 in (30–40 cm)

Shoulder height Differs

Marbled Cat

10 in – 13 in (26–32 cm) Taller

Bay Cat

9 in – 12 in (24–30 cm)

Body weight Differs

Marbled Cat

4.4–11 lb (2–5 kg)

Few animals have been weighed; estimates rest on a small sample.

Bay Cat

6.6–9.9 lb (3–4.5 kg) Heavier

Known from a handful of measured specimens.

Top recorded speed Same

Marbled Cat

Not reliably measured

Not measured in the field.

Bay Cat

Not reliably measured

No measurement exists.

Life span

Typical adult longevity. Figures for managed care come from zoo and sanctuary records.

In the wild Differs

Marbled Cat

10–12 years Longer

Bay Cat

8–12 years

Under human care Differs

Marbled Cat

12–16 years Longer

Bay Cat

12–14 years

Habitat and range

Where each species lives and the conditions it tolerates.

Habitat types Same

Marbled Cat

tropical rainforest, montane forest

  • Tropical rainforest
  • Montane forest

Moist evergreen forest with a closed canopy, from lowlands to about 9,000 feet; the species is also recorded from selectively logged and secondary forest.

Bay Cat

tropical rainforest, montane forest

  • Tropical rainforest
  • Montane forest

Dense forest from lowland dipterocarp stands to hill and montane forest, including limestone terrain and swamp forest edge.

Geographic range Same

Marbled Cat

Asia

  • Asia

The eastern Himalaya and north-east India through Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and Malaysia to Borneo and Sumatra.

Bay Cat

Asia

  • Asia

Endemic to Borneo, with scattered records from Malaysian, Indonesian and Bruneian parts of the island.

Diet and behaviour

Feeding ecology, social organisation and hunting technique.

Main prey Differs

Marbled Cat

birds, small mammals, reptiles, insects

  • Birds
  • Small mammals
  • Reptiles
  • Insects

Squirrels, rats, birds, lizards and insects, taken largely in trees.

Bay Cat

small mammals, birds, reptiles

  • Small mammals
  • Birds
  • Reptiles

Inferred rather than observed: rodents, birds, small primates and carrion are all thought to be taken.

Social structure Same

Marbled Cat

Solitary

Highly arboreal and rarely detected on the ground, which is one reason camera-trap records are so scarce.

Bay Cat

Solitary

Essentially unstudied in the wild. Detection rates are so low that even basic density estimates carry wide uncertainty.

Activity period Differs

Marbled Cat

Nocturnal and crepuscular

Mostly night active, though some studies report daytime movement in undisturbed forest.

Bay Cat

Cathemeral

The few camera-trap records span both day and night, with no clear pattern established.

Hunting strategy Differs

Marbled Cat

Canopy pursuit

Hunts among branches, chasing squirrels and birds through the canopy rather than ambushing from the ground.

Bay Cat

Presumed ground and low-canopy hunting

Direct observations of hunting have not been published; body form suggests a forest-floor generalist.

Climbing ability Differs

Marbled Cat

Exceptional More developed

Among the most arboreal of the small cats, with a long tail used constantly for balance.

Bay Cat

Strong

Body proportions indicate a competent climber, though most records come from the ground.

Swimming ability Same

Marbled Cat

Limited

No notable association with water.

Bay Cat

Limited

No documented swimming behaviour.

Conservation

Red List category, population direction and the pressures documented for each species.

Red List category Differs

Marbled Cat

NT — Near Threatened

Assessed 2015

Bay Cat

EN — Endangered

Assessed 2015

Population trend Same

Marbled Cat

Decreasing

Bay Cat

Decreasing

Documented threats Differs

Marbled Cat

Deforestation and canopy loss, Snaring, Habitat fragmentation, Trade in skins, Sparse population data

  • Deforestation and canopy loss
  • Snaring
  • Habitat fragmentation
  • Trade in skins
  • Sparse population data

Assessed as Near Threatened. Loss of continuous canopy forest is the dominant threat, and the species is also caught incidentally in snares.

Bay Cat

Logging and forest conversion, Oil-palm expansion, Snaring, Collection for private trade, Almost no baseline ecological data

  • Logging and forest conversion
  • Oil-palm expansion
  • Snaring
  • Collection for private trade
  • Almost no baseline ecological data

Assessed as Endangered on the basis of a small, declining population and heavy loss of Bornean lowland forest to logging and plantation conversion.

Notable traits

Details that do not fit neatly into a measurement table.

Marbled Cat

  • Its tail can equal head-body length, one of the highest ratios among cats.
  • Canine teeth are large relative to skull size, a trait shared with the clouded leopards.
  • The coat pattern is a striking case of two unrelated forest cats converging on the same camouflage.

Bay Cat

  • The first photographs of a living bay cat were obtained in the late 1990s, more than a century after the species was described.
  • It occurs on one island only, the smallest range of any Asian cat.
  • Two colour morphs are known: chestnut red and a rarer grey form.

Sources used for this comparison

Figures on this page were last reviewed on June 5, 2026. Read how we select and reconcile references in our sources and methodology notes.