Small cats Ocelot lineage Vulnerable

Kodkod

Leopardus guigna

The smallest cat in the Americas, restricted to the temperate rainforests of central and southern Chile and a narrow strip of Argentina.

Kodkod (Leopardus guigna), original illustration showing its coat pattern and body shape
Head-body length
15 in – 20 in (37–51 cm)
Body weight
3.3–6.6 lb (1.5–3 kg)
Top recorded speed
Not reliably measured
Lifespan in the wild
8–11 years
Red List category
Vulnerable

Barely larger than a small domestic cat, the kodkod has a thick tail, small rounded head and a coat of dense black spots on buff or grey. Melanism is common.

It has the smallest geographic range of any cat in the Americas, tied to the Valdivian temperate rainforest and adjacent Araucaria and southern beech woodland.

Size and measurements

Published body measurements for the Kodkod
Head-body length15 in – 20 in (37–51 cm)
Tail length7 in – 10 in (19–25 cm)
Shoulder height9 in – 11 in (22–27 cm)
Body weight3.3–6.6 lb (1.5–3 kg) — Among the lightest wild cats anywhere.
Top recorded speedNot reliably measured — Not measured in the field.
Lifespan in the wild8–11 years
Lifespan under human care11–15 years

Habitat and range

Moist temperate rainforest with dense bamboo understorey; the cat also uses forest fragments and shelterbelts within farmland, which brings it close to people.

Central and southern Chile, including Chiloé Island, and a narrow adjacent band of south-western Argentina.

  • Temperate forest
  • Montane forest

Diet and hunting

Rodents, marsupial mice, small birds, lizards and insects; occasional raids on domestic poultry cause most of its conflict with people.

Hunting strategy — Stalking in dense understorey. Works through bamboo thickets and leaf litter, taking small prey both on the ground and in low branches.

Behaviour and activity

Solitary. Home ranges are very small by felid standards, and individuals move within dense understorey rather than across open ground.

Nocturnal and cathemeral. Mainly night active in areas with people, but more day activity is recorded inside continuous forest.

Climbing and swimming

Climbing — Exceptional. An accomplished climber that rests in trees and escapes dogs by climbing.

Swimming — Very limited. No notable association with water.

Conservation status

The Kodkod is currently listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, with a population trend recorded as decreasing in the assessment published in 2015.

A very small global range combined with continuing clearance of temperate rainforest for plantations and pasture keeps the species under pressure.

Documented threats

  • Logging and conversion of native forest
  • Killing after poultry losses
  • Attacks by domestic dogs
  • Road mortality
  • Disease transmission from domestic cats

Look up the current Red List assessment for Leopardus guigna

Notable traits

  • It is the smallest wild cat in the Americas by both length and weight.
  • Its entire global range is smaller than that of almost any other felid.
  • Populations on Chiloé Island are genetically distinct from those on the mainland.

Sources for this profile

Figures on this page were last reviewed on June 11, 2026. Read how we select and reconcile references in our sources and methodology notes.